| Time Periods in Western Philosophy
|
| Ancient |
Pre-Socratics
|
Thales of Miletus (c.635BC-543 BC)
|
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Anaximander (609BC/610BC-c.547BC)
|
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Pythagoras of Samos
[V] (582BC-496BC)
|
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Heraclitus of Ephesus (c.535BC-475BC)
|
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Xenophanes (c.565BC/570BC)
|
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The Eleatics
|
Parmenides of Elea (5th century BC),
Zeno of Elea (c.495BC-c.430BC),
Melissus
|
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Leucippus (5th century),
Democritus (c.460BC-),
Epicurus
[V]
(341BC-270BC)
& other Atomists
|
|
Protagoras (481BC-)
and the Sophists
|
| Socratics / Platonists / Aristotelians
|
Socrates
[V]
(470BC-399BC)
|
|
Plato
[V]
(c.427BC-c.347BC)
|
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Aristotle
[V]
(384BC-322BC)
|
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Theophrastus
[V]
(c.372BC)
|
|
Plutarch
[V]
(46-120)
|
|
Later Hellenistic
|
Cynicism (
Antisthenes
[V],
Diogenes Apolloniates
[V])
|
|
Hedonism
|
|
Eclecticism
|
|
Neo-Platonism
(Plotinus
[V],
Porphyry
[V])
|
|
Skepticism
|
|
Stoicism
(Epictetus,
Marcus Aurelius,
Lucius Annaeus Seneca
[V])
|
| Medieval |
Early Middle (Dark) Ages
|
St Augustine of Hippo (354-430)
|
|
Early Scholasticism (1100 - 1250)
|
Pierre Abélard (1079-1142)
|
|
Gilbert de la Porrée
|
|
Arab and Jewish Thought
|
Moses Maimonides
[V]
|
|
High Scholasticism (1250-1350)
|
Saint Bonaventura (John of Fidanza) (1221),
Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274),
John Duns Scotus (c.1266-1308),
William of Ockham (c.1285-1349)
|
|
Late Scholasticism (1350 - 1500)
|
Marsilius of Padua (1270-1342)
|
| Renaissance (14th-16th Centuries)
|
Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527)
|
|
Francisco Suarez (1548-1617)
|
|
Renaissance Humanism
/ definition
|
Lorenzo Valla (1407-1457)
|
|
Marsilio Ficino (1433-1499)
|
|
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (1463-1494)
|
|
Desiderius Erasmus (1466-1536)
|
|
Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)
[V]
|
|
Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (1533-1592) [V]
|
|
Giordano Bruno (1548-1600)
|
| Modern (1600-1800) |
Early Modern (17th Century)
|
British |
Francis Bacon,
Thomas Hobbes
|
|
Continental Rationalism |
Rene Descartes,
Baruch Spinoza,
Gottfried Leibniz
|
| Enlightenment Era (18th Century) |
British Empiricism |
John Locke,
George Berkeley,
David Hume,
Richard Price,
Adam Smith,
Francis Hutcheson
|
| Continental |
Kant
|
Life and Works,
Critical Philosophy (1),
Critical Philosophy (2),
Varieties of Judgement (Analytic / Synthetic),
Mathematics,
Natural Science,
Experience & Reality
(Analogies of Experience,
Phenomena / Noumena,
Metaphysical Ideas & Transcendental Ideas,
Transcendental Idealism,
The Limits of Reason),
The Moral Order
(From Good Will to Universal Law,
Categorical Imperative,
Autonomy of the Will,
Third Critique)
|
|
Jean-Jacques Rousseau [V]
|
|
Voltaire [V]
|
|
Pierre Bayle
|
|
Denis Diderot
|
| 19th Century
|
Hegelianism
|
GWF Hegel,
Karl Marx,
Ludwig Feuerbach
|
| Romanticism & pre-Existentialism
|
Friedrich Nietzsche
|
|
Arthur Schopenhauer
|
|
Soren Kierkegaard
|
| American Pragmatism
|
William James,
John Dewey,
C.S. Peirce
|
|
Transcendentalism
|
Henry David Thoreau [V]
|
|
Ralph Waldo Emerson [V]
|
| Early Classical Liberalism
|
John Stuart Mill
|
|
Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley [V]
|
|
Herbert Spencer
|
|
Jeremy Bentham [V]
|
Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
|
Chapter 17: Of The Limits of The Penal Branch of Jurisprudence,
Section 1: Limits between Private Ethics and the art of Legislation,
Part IV: The art of government: that is, of legislation and administration,
Note
|
| 20th Century |
Phenomenology
|
Franz Brentano,
Edmund Husserl,
Alexius Meinong
|
|
Moral Realism
|
David Brink,
John McDowell,
Peter Railton,
Geoffrey Sayre-McCord,
Michael Smith,
Thomas Nagel
|
|
Existentialism
|
Blaise Pascal,
Soren Kierkegaard,
Friedrich Nietzsche,
Jean-Paul Sartre,
Maurice Merleau-Ponty,
Max Stirner,
Emmanuel Levinas,
Gabriel Marcel,
Karl Jaspers,
Henri Bergson,
Peter Wessel Zapffe,
Franz Kafka [V]
|
|
Postmodern Philosophy
|
Jurgen Habermas,
Jean-François Lyotard,
Jacques Derrida,
Michel Foucault
|
|
Analytic Philosophy
&
Gottlob Frege
|
Logical Empiricism
|
|
|
Logical Atomism
|
|
|
Logicism
|
|
|
Logical Positivism
|
Bertrand Russell,
Ludwig Wittgenstein,
AJ Ayer,
Carl Hempel,
Rudolf Carnap,
Karl Popper,
Moritz Schlick,
C.L. Stevenson
|
|
Ordinary Language Philosophy
|
Ludwig Wittgenstein,
John Wisdom,
Gilbert Ryle,
J. L. Austin,
Peter Strawson
|
